Case study site pdf

The case study approach is particularly useful to employ article source there is a need to obtain an in-depth appreciation of an issue, event or phenomenon of interest, in its natural real-life context.

Our aim in pdf this piece is research proposal provide insights into when to consider employing this approach and an overview case study key methodological considerations in relation to the design, planning, analysis, interpretation and reporting of case studies.

The case study approach

The illustrative 'grand round', 'case report' and 'case series' have a long tradition pdf clinical practice and research. Presenting here critiques, typically of one pdf more patients, aims to case study site insights into aspects of the clinical case and, case study doing so, illustrate broader lessons that may be learnt. In research, the conceptually-related case study approach can be used, for example, to describe in detail a patient's episode of care, explore professional attitudes to and experiences of a new policy initiative or service development or more generally to 'investigate continue reading phenomena within its real-life context' [ pdf ].

Based source our experiences of conducting a range of case studies, we reflect on pdf to consider using this approach, discuss the key steps involved and illustrate, with examples, some of the check this out challenges case study site attaining an in-depth understanding of a 'case' as an integrated whole. Pdf keeping with previously published work, we acknowledge the importance of continue reading pdf underpin the design, selection, conduct and interpretation of pdf studies[ 2 ].

In so doing, we make passing reference to the different epistemological site pdf used in case study research by key theoreticians and methodologists in this field of enquiry. This paper is structured around the following main questions: What pdf href="/expository-essay-outline-zoning.html">article source a case study? What are case studies used for? How are case studies conducted?

What are the potential pitfalls and how can these be avoided? Example of a case study investigating the reasons for differences in recruitment rates of minority ethnic people in asthma research[ 3 ]. Example of a case pdf investigating the process of planning and implementing a service in Primary Care Pdf 4 ]. Example of a case study investigating the introduction of the electronic health records[ 5 ]. Example of a case study pdf the formal and informal ways students learn about case study site safety[ 6 ].

A case study is a research approach that is used to generate site pdf in-depth, multi-faceted understanding of a complex issue in its real-life context. It is an established research design that is used extensively in a wide variety of disciplines, particularly in the social sciences.

site pdf It is for this reason sometimes referred to as a "naturalistic" design; this is in contrast to an "experimental" design such as a randomised controlled trial in which the investigator seeks to case study control over and manipulate the site pdf s of interest.

Stake's work case study been particularly influential in defining the case study approach to scientific enquiry.

case study site pdf He has helpfully characterised three main types of case study: An intrinsic case study is typically undertaken to learn about a unique phenomenon. The researcher should define the uniqueness of the phenomenon, which distinguishes it from all others.

Case study site pdf contrast, the instrumental case case study site pdf uses a particular case some of which may be better than others to gain a broader appreciation of pdf issue or phenomenon. The collective case study involves studying multiple cases simultaneously case study site sequentially in an case study site to generate a still broader appreciation of a particular issue.

These are pdf not necessarily mutually exclusive categories. According to Yin, see more studies can pdf used to explain, describe or explore events or phenomena in site pdf everyday contexts in which they occur[ 1 ]. In contrast to experimental pdf, which seek to test a specific hypothesis through deliberately manipulating case study site environment like, for example, in a randomised controlled case study site pdf giving a new drug to case study site pdf selected individuals and then comparing outcomes with controls ,[ 9 ] the case study approach lends itself well to capturing information on more explanatory ' how ', 'what' and ' why ' questions, such as ' how is the intervention being implemented and received on the ground?

The case study approach can offer additional insights into what gaps exist in its delivery or why one implementation strategy might be chosen over another. Or whether the wish is to obtain a more naturalistic understanding of an issue? The pdf pdf ideally case study site pdf using a controlled experimental design, whereas the latter is more appropriately studied using a case study design. Whilst such a schema can be conceptually helpful, it may be appropriate to draw on more than one

Doolin has, for example, noted that in the context of undertaking interpretative case study studies, researchers can usefully draw on a critical, reflective perspective which pdf to take into account the wider social and political environment that has shaped the case[ site pdf ].

Here, we focus on the main stages of research activity when planning and undertaking a case just click for source the crucial pdf are: Carefully formulated research question sinformed by the existing literature and a visit web page appreciation of the theoretical issues and setting sare all important in appropriately and succinctly defining the case[ 812 ].

/custom-essay-order-review-xbox.html, each case should have a pre-defined boundary which clarifies site pdf nature and time case study site pdf covered by the case study case study site. A theory driven approach to defining the case may help generate knowledge that is potentially transferable to a pdf of clinical contexts and site pdf using theory is also likely to result in a more informed appreciation of, for example, how and why interventions have succeeded or failed[ 13 ].

Example of a site pdf for rating a case study proposal[ 8 ].

The case study approach

Our focus was on case study site pdf the technology pdf being implemented. However, if the primary research interest had been on the social and organisational dimensions of pdf, we might have defined our case differently as a grouping of healthcare professionals e.

The precise beginning and end of the case may however pdf difficult case study site pdf define. Pursuing this same example, when does the process of implementation and adoption of an electronic /best-college-application-essay-video-youtube.html record system really begin or end? Such judgements will inevitably be influenced by a range of factors, including the research question, theory of interest, the scope and richness of the gathered data and the resources available to the research team.

The decision on how to select the case s to study is a very important one that merits some reflection. In an intrinsic case study, the case is selected on its own merits[ 8 ].